Method of and means for making paper



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J. T. MURVEW METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR MAKING PAPER Filed Nov. 27',

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MM m@ XII Patented Qct. 12, 1926.

UhllTEll* JAMES T. MURPHY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGN'OR OF ONEHALF TO JAMES L. CAREY, OF CHICAGO, LLINOS.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOB MAKING PAPER.

Application filed November 27, 1922'. Serial No. 603,412.

My invention relates to improvements in methods ot and meansfip'or making paper, and :is particularly concerned with the provision ot a novel method ot and means tor 5 drying the paper web as it comes 'from the paper making' machine.

The principal object oi my invention is to provide a. method and means tor more rapidly and economically drying' the paper web.

10 More specifically speaking, my invention comprises means whereby heat can be more rapidly transmitted to the orying1 rolls than .is possible with the means and method heretofore employed.

Another object oit my invention is to provide means whereby steam can be continuously supplied to and withdrawn from the drying' rolls.

i-i still further object oit my invention is to provide means whereby the heat contained in the steam discharged from the dry inpj rolls can be eii'icieutly and economically employed iii one ot the steps of `torn'iina' the paper pulp trom which the paper web to be dried formed, or devoted to some other usetul performance.

it. still turther object of my invention is to pro y'ide means ttor insuring' a. continuons but restricted flow ot steam through the dryinpT rolls.

Qther objects ot my invention will appear as this description progresses. reference being` had to the accompanying); drawingia in which* Figure l is a schen'iatic view ot a paper melting plant embodyina` my in vention;

Figure 2 is a side elevation ot a portion ot an apparatus embodied :in my plan;

Figure 3 is a plan i'iai'tially in section;

`l1`ieure 4i is a partial end elevation;

Figure 5 is a sectional detail et one of the discharge pipes from a heating' roll;

Figure ti is a plan view ot one ot the elements embodied in Figure 5; and

Figure 7 is a partial longitudinal section through one oit the rolls.

rlfhrouDhont the several views, similar reference characters will be used tor relier-- to similar parte.A

precise OFFMH Heretotore, so tar as l know, it has been the universal practice to provide the discharge pipes oit the rolls ot a paper dryingY machine with steam trap s for the purpose of preventing the discharge of steam from the rolls. admitted to the drying pendentupon the rate the steam within the roll.

ln such a. construction, steam is rolls at a rate deof condensation ot The rate ot condensation is in turn dependent to a certain degree upon the capacity of the roll to transmit heat to the pap rounding' atmosphere.

er web and the sui'- Fnrthermore, since the operation ot the steam traps is more or less intermittent, considerable quant-ities of condensed steam, or water, are trapped in the drying' rolls and discharged from time to time. This water wh ich is approximately at a teini'ierature ot 2120 F. has acted to keep the dryingT i'olls at a lower teinperatur than it would be possible to maintain them at if the water were not present, or were not present in such large quantities.

lt has also been found that in practice oil and other impurities in the steam has caused the tailure ot the steam traps,

and ultimately the rolls discharirinii` into such traps have heen practically filled with. water thereby reducing their eilectiveness t grec.

l propose to correct o a. very large detlie detects in the steam supplied to the drying` rolls. By

this arrangijement7 l can supply steam ot practically any temperature to the drying` rolls and am thus enabled to dry the paper at a much faster rate than has heretofore been considered possible. tion has been embodied l'lilhere my invenin the drying inachine, it has been found possible to dry paper at troni two to three times as 'tast as it was possible to dry' the paper when the naine machine was i f led with the steam traps and other accessories heretofore considered necessary.

Since by the method and means referred to Iabove uncondensed steam is discharged from the drying rolls, I provide means for simply and eiliciently utilizing` this heat for useful purposes. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the steam discharged from the high pressure end of the drying machine is utilized for heating the water supply to the beating engines which produce the pulp forming the paper web which is to be dried. The steam and water issuing from the rolls on the low pressure end of the drying machine are used for supplying feed Water to the boiler which supplies steam t0 the engine for driving the paper making machine.

Other features of my invention will appear as the description of my improved apparatus progresses.

Referring for the present to Figure 1 wherein I have shown a paper making machine comprising the low pressure drying rolls 10 and the high pressure drying rolls 11, the former rolls receive the exhaust steam from the engine 12 through the pipe 13, and the steam and condensate discharged from these rolls vflows through the pipe 14 to the receiving tank 15 from which it can be pumped to the boiler feed water tank 16 through the pipes 17 and 18 by the pump 19. From the tank 16 the condensate can' be returned to the boiler 20 through the pipes 21 and 22 by means of the pump 23.

The steam for the high pressure rolls is supplied from the boiler 20 through the pipe 24 and after passing through the drying rolls flows to the receiving tank 25 through the pipe 26 at which point'any water which may be entrained therein is separated from the steam, which continues through the pipes 27 and 28 to suitable heaters 29 and 30, the flow through these heaters being controlled by the valves 27 and 28. These heaters are of the usual drum type and discharge to atmosphere through the vent pipe 31. Cold water enters these heaters through the pipe 32 and the heated water is disel'iarged therefrom through the pipe 33 which leads to the beating engine 34 andthe pipe 35 which leads to the beating engine 36. Suitable valves 37 and 38 control the supply of heated water to the respective beating engines. The condensate from the heaters 29 and 30 which results from the condensation of the steam supplied thereto through the pipes 27 and 28 returns to the boiler feed water tank 16 through the header 39 and the pipe 39.

Having thus described in general the arrangement of the elements of my improved paper making plant. I shall now describe in somewhat greater detail the various parts thereof.

Referring for the present to Figures 2 to 4 inclusive, I have illustrated the drying portion of the paper making machine as comprising a plurality of stacks of low pressure rolls 10 supported in the usual staggered relation upon suitable posts 40 by means of the brackets 41, and the high pressure rolls 11 supported in the usual manner upon posts 42 by the brackets 43. The pipe or header 13 is connected by means of the legs 45, which first extend downwardly as shown in Figure 2, and then inwardly, as shown in Figure 3, with the risers 46 which are supported by the pipe sections 47 and which extend upwardly parallel with the adjacent posts 40., A branch pipe 48 connects each roll with the adjacent riser 46 in the manner to be described later on. Each roll is provided with the discharge pipe 49 whichA connects with the adjacent down-take pipe 50. These down-take pipes are each supported by a short section of pipe 51 and in the case of the low pressure rolls are connected by the pipes 52 having the valves 53 therein with the pipe 14 which leads to thebottom of the receiving tank 15. The pipe 14 connects with the pipe 55 extending upwardly through the bottom of the tank 15 to a point above the bottom thereof where the condensate and steam from the low pressure drying rolls is discharged into the tank. Whatever steam or air may be entrained in the water can discharge through a suitable vent pipe 56 which may, if desired, be provided with a trap. As described above, the condensate from the tank 15 can be returned to the boiler feed water tank through the pipes 17 and 18 by means of the pump 19.

The header 13 is provided with a plurality of valves 57, 58, 59 and 60 whereby it can be divided into sections to vary the number of high and low pressure stacks or rolls. The high pressure steam pipe 24 leading from the boiler connects with the pipe or header 13 at the point 24', and by closing the valve 58 the right hand portion of the pipe 13 becomes the header for the drying rolls on the high pressure or dry end of the drying machine.

I have als'o shown a. branch pipe 24a whereby the live steam can be injected directly into the end of the pipe 13. Y

Suitable valves-61, 62 and 63 may be provided for controlling the supply of live steam to the high pressure rolls.

The steam discharged from the high pressure rolls passes downwardly through the down-take pipes 50 which are supported by the short pipe sections 51 and through the pipes 64 to the pipe or header 26. This pipe 26 discharges into the receiving tank 25 at a point above the bott-om of this tank and what little condensate may be entrained therein is separated from the live steam at this point.

The live steam passes out of the tank 25 to I -1 ,fece

the pipe 2i' and into'the heater f30, or it may may be used sirmiltaneously, it so desired. I have already described how the steam passing through the heaters Q9 and 30 heats the water tor the beating engines, and further description thereof :appears to be unnecessary.

As .the level ot the condensate in the tank 25 rises, it lifts the tloat 65 and through the bell crank lever G6 opens the valve 67, thus permitting the condensate in the tank 25 to be discharged through the pipe GT into the llower end ot the pipe 14 through which it is conducted to the receiving tank 15.

By reference -to Figures 4, 5 and G, it will be noted that each ot the exhaust or discharge pipes 49 which conducts the .steam and condensate from the heating rolls embodies a two-part coupling er union 70, which is designed to clamp the washer 71 between the adjacent ends et the pipe sections coupled by this union. This washer is provided with a .central aperture 72 which ail'ords a 'tree passageway lor the tiow of steam therethrough, but `which is yot such size that it, to a certain extent, restricts the iiow ot steam therethrough so as to create a slight back pressure upon the steam in the drying roll, and thus prevent the steam from blowing staight through the drying roll. In a certain commercial installation, I have found that where steam under approximately twenty pounds per square inch is supplied to the dry end, or high pressure rolls, ot the dryer, this opening should be approximately one-eighth of an inch in diameter, `and that Where exhaust steam under six or eight pounds pressure is supplied to the low pressure rolls, or wet end, of the dryer, this opening should be approximately three-eighths ot' `an inch in diameter. It will, oit course, be understood ,that the diameter ot' this .opening can be varied to suit the vconditions under which the entire plant operates.

In Figure 7, wherein I have shown a partial longitudinal section through a `heating roll 'forming a part ot my invention, I have shown the heating roll proper 73, one end ot which is provided with Va hollow `trunnion Tat mounted in a suitable elongated bearing 75. One end ot a branch pipe i8 'is connected with the hollow trunnion by a swivel joint, and the siphon or discharge pipe 49 extends downwardly to 'a point nearer the wall ot the roll than has been the practice heretofore. The discharge pipe 49 passes outwardly through one side ot the branch pipe 11S.

From the above description, it will be seen that I have provided `means which permits a continuous iow ot steam to "the dry-- ing rolls but at 'the saine time .have provided means tor `economically and efficientlyu utilizing the "heat in the steam escaping trom the drying rolls. In -ithe particular embodiment `oit `the invention disclosed herein, this heat 4is utilized tor boiler feed water purposes and `tor heating the water supplied yto the beating engines, but it will el" course be understood that this heat could be utilized Ain other ways without departing trom the spirit ot my invention. By providing an unobstructed discharge pipe for the drying rolls, the continuous tlow ot steam ret'erred to is made possible. In this manner, much larger amounts ot heat can vbe transferred to 1 the heating rolls and trom the heating rolls lto the paper than is possible where the steam is trapped in ythe `heating rolls even though in the `last case the steam is under considerably greater l pressure.

i/Vhile I `=have described the details rot construction oi the preterred embodiment of my invention, `it is to rbe clearly understood that my invention is not limited to these details, but is capable ot other adaptations and modifica-tions within the scope ot the appended claims.

Having ythus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. A paper making vplant comprising an engine, a boiler 'for supplying` steam to said engine, a beating engine, and a drying machine driven by said engine, said drying machine comprising a plurality ot rol'ls, means tor supplying exhaust steam 'trom said engine to some of said rolls, means 4tor conducting condensate trom said last-named rolls to said boiler, means tor supplying live Vsteam from said boiler to others ot said rolls, a heater tor supplying hot waterto said beating engine, means lor conducting steam from said other rolls to said heater,

and ineans for returning condensate from said heater 'to said boiler, both of `said conducting means 4comp-rising means tor causing acont-inuous but restricted liow ot the fluids therethrough.

2. A paper making plant comprising a boiler, a beating engine, and a drying` machine, said drying `machine comprising a plurality ot' rolls, means tor supplying live steam from said boiler to said rolls, a heater for supplying hot water to said beating engine, and means tor conductingsteam from said rolls to said heater, said conducting means comprising means tor causing a continuous but restricted flow ofthe Fluids therethrough.

3. A paper making plant boiler, a beating engine, and a drying machine, said drying machine comprising` a plurality ot rolls, means tor supplying live steam from said boiler to said rolls, ya heater for supplying hot water to said beating engine, and means tor 'conducting steam. from comprising a said rolls to said heater, said conducting means comprising means for causing a continuous flow of the fluids therethrough.

4. Adrying machine comprising a drying roll, a steam supply conduit connecting with said roll, a steam outlet conduit having its outlet mouth drawing from a stationary point in the roll during the rotation of the latter, and a permanently open restriction in said outlet conduit of predetermined non-variable size for causing a continuous restricted circulation of steam through said roll and through said outlet conduit with minimum condensation in each.

5. In combination, a drying machine comprising a drying roll, a steam supply conduit opening into said roll, a steam outlet conduit having its outlet mouth drawing from a stationary point in the roll during the rotation of the latter, a receiving tank receiving the exhaust from said steam outlet conduit, steam consuming means connected with said receiving tank for utilizing thev exhaust steam, and restricting means in said outlet'conduit of substantially predetermined size for producing a continuous restricted circulation of steam through said roll and through said outlet conduit to said receiving tank with minimum condensation in ksaid roll and said outlet conduit.

6. In a drying machine, the combination of a drying roll, a supply pipe supplying steam to said roll, an exhaust pipe for conducting steam from said roll, a valve for shutting ofi' flovv through said exhaust pipe and av restriction in said exhaust pipe separate from said valve for creating a back pressure in said drying roll but permittingr the discharge of steam therefrom at a sufficiently rapid rate to minimize condensation in said roll.

7. In a drying machine, the combination of a drying roll, a supply pipe supplying steam to said roll, an exhaust pipe for conducting steam from said roll, and a restricting member having a calibrated orifice interposed in said exhaust pipe, said restricted member being interchangeable for providing different sized orifices.

8. In a drying machine, the combination of a drying roll, a supply pipe supplying steam to said roll, an exhaust pipe for conducting steam from said roll, a coupling in said exhaust pipe and a member inl said coupling having aniorifice of substantially predetermined size for controlling the rate of exhaust flow from said roll.

9. In combination, a plurality of drying rolls, a steam manifold connected to saidv rat another point, and valves for subdividing said manifold into different areas of 'high and low pressured 10. In paper making apparatus, the combination lof a plurality of drying rolls, a steam manifold, branch connections between said manifold and said drying rolls, a steam engine, a first steam pipe connecting the exhaust outlet of said engine with said manifold, a second steam pipe connecting with said manifold for transmitting a different steam pressure thereto, and valves in said manifold for dividing the same into different portions supplied by said first and second steam pipes. l

ll. In combination, a plurality of drying rolls, a steam manifold for supplying said rolls, first and second steam supply pipes discharging` into said manifold, and valves operable to cause different areas of said manifold to be supplied from said first and second supply pipes.

l2. A paper making plant comprising a beating engine, means for supplying Water to said beating engine, a drying machine `for vdrying paper formed from the pulp produced by said beating engine, means for supplying steam to said drying machine,

and means for using the steam discharged from the drying machine for heating the Water delivered to the beating-engine.

The method of making paper Which comprises making pulp suspended in Water, forming said pulp into a web, drying said web by means of steam, and heating the water used informing the pulp with the steam previously used for drying.

14;. In combination, a plurality of dryingr rolls, a steam supply manifold having connection With said rolls, a steam supply pipe, and means for admitting steam from said supply pipe to an intermediate portion of said manifold 'and excluding the steam fronr -said supply pipe from `the ends of said intermediate point thereof, and valves inV sai-d branches for admitting steam to said intermediate portion of the manifold Without admitting steam-to said end of the manifold.

16. In a drying machine, the combination vof high pressure drying rolls, low pressure drying rolls, a first exhaust pipe for said low pressure drying rolls, a second exhaust pipe for said high pressure drying rolls, separate receiving tanks into which said exhaust pipes discharge., means for Withdraiving condensate from one of said tanks, a connection between said tanks, and float mechanism in one of said tanks centrolling said connection I7. In a drying machine, the combination opening ranging from 1/3 in diameter for oi? a drying;` roll, a steam supply pipe dissteam under approximately twenty pounds 10 charging;Y into said drying roll, an exhaust pressure to 5% in diameter for steam under pipe leading from said roll, and means in approximately six or eight pounds pressure. said exhaust pipe Comprising an opening of In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe predetermined size for maintaining a oonmy name this 24th day of November, 1922. tinuous circulation oi steam through said roll and through said exhaust pipe, said JAMES T. MURPHY. 

